Document Type : Review article
Author
Department of plant protection in tehran university
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the emerging role of foliar-applied biochar as a cross-disciplinary strategy for orchard pest management. Moving beyond its traditional role as a soil amendment, this study delineates a "dual-action" defense model: 1) Physico-mechanical Barriers, characterized by the occlusion of arthropod respiratory spiracles, abrasion of larval mandibles via silicified particles, and interference with optical and chemical host-seeking cues; and 2) Biological Elicitation*, which triggers Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) by activating jasmonic and salicylic acid-dependent signaling pathways. Empirical data synthesis reveals that biochar efficacy is strictly governed by suspension concentration, particle size (with nano-biochar outperforming micro-biochar), and colloidal stability. Furthermore, the study addresses critical technical bottlenecks, emphasizing that the utilization of biocompatible surfactants to prevent nozzle clogging and the optimization of dosage to maintain stomatal conductance are pivotal for field success. Ultimately, this approach is proposed as a cornerstone for transitioning toward smart organic horticulture, ensuring the preservation of natural enemies while significantly reducing the environmental chemical footprint.
Keywords
- Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
- Nano-biochar
- Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR)
- Plant-Pest Interactions
- Suspension Stability
Main Subjects
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