Document Type : Review article
Author
Tehran University
Abstract
Non-host resistance (NHR) is one of the most durable and widespread forms of plant resistance against pathogens. Previously referred to as “apparent resistance,” NHR operates beyond structural barriers such as leaf surface topography, stomatal characteristics, and management-related factors including planting dates, and involves complex genetic and molecular mechanisms. Recent studies have shown that NHR includes molecular recognition of the pathogen, activation of systemic defense pathways, expression of resistance-related genes, and interactions with plant signaling networks, although many of these mechanisms remain incompletely understood. These features position NHR as a key target for enhancing the durability and breadth of plant resistance against a wide range of diseases. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the genetic and molecular aspects of NHR, the known mechanisms, and examples of its application across different plant species, emphasizing that a deeper understanding of this resistance can serve as a foundation for genetic engineering and the future development of disease-resistant crops.
Keywords
- Non-Host Resistance (NHR)
- Molecular mechanisms
- Plant signaling
- Resistance gene expression
- Disease-resistant plants
Main Subjects
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